Rail spikes are large, chisel-shaped steel nails use to secure rails and base plates to wooden sleepers (ties).
They feature:
- Offset heads to hold the rail in place
- Flat-edged points driven perpendicular to the wood grain
- Strong resistance to loosening under vibration
A common variation is the dog spike, which includes a pointed end and dog-head-shaped lug for improved grip.
Why Rail Spikes Matter
They play a key role in maintaining track stability and alignment.
They help:
- Keep rails firmly attached to sleepers
- Resist movement from heavy train loads
- Withstand vibration and environmental stress
Despite newer fastening systems, they remain a cost-effective solution, especially for wooden track systems.
Rail Fastening Systems Overview
Rail fastening systems have evolved over time, from wooden pegs to modern elastic fasteners.
Today’s systems are design to:
- Handle continuous vibration and heavy loads
- Maintain precise rail alignment
- Reduce maintenance needs
They are still widely use due to their simplicity and reliability in many applications.
They are driven perpendicular to the wood grain and slightly angled inward to improve holding strength and prevent splitting.
Typically four spikes per tie on straight tracks (two per rail). Curved tracks may use six to eight for added stability.
A properly installed spike can provide around 5,000–7,000 pounds of resistance, depending on wood condition.
Yes, especially on tracks with wooden sleepers, due to their cost-effectiveness and reliability.
A variation of rail spike with a pointed end and specialized head design for improved grip.
